CRITICS of God claim that there is no scientific evidence for His Existence.

This is simply not true. In fact, God is the ultimate scientist, mathematician, and physicist. He built the universe by laws and mathematics and left this evidence for us to discover demanding He must exist.

Some critics assert that it is impossible to scientifically prove the existence of God. Science is based upon observable and provable data. In the case of an automobile, we do not see the person or persons who created the final product, we see only what they have made. We can examine the car and see that intelligence was required to construct such a machine. This is also true of the universe. We cannot see the Being who created the final product, but we can see that intelligence that was necessary for the universe to exist. How is this true? The great number of fine-tuned constants that science agrees exist in the universe are evidence of the One who created the universe.

No natural process of time or chance could produce the massive number of constants we observe which make intelligent life possible.

What few people consider is that the universe exists by a very narrow margin of constants that permit life to exist. These physical constants exist in virtually the entire universe. No natural process could produce an environment necessary for life where every critical requirement to make life possible was necessary before life could exist. In other words, without these constants  being in place first, not even the basic cell could exist. In order to calibrate so many physical constants before life, an intelligence was necessary.

See All 209 Of The Physical Constants That Make Life On Earth Possible

1. The ratio between the electron and a proton of every atom in the universe.

The ratio of mass between an electron and a proton is 1:1836, meaning that a proton is 1,836 times larger than an electron. Although there is a great degree of difference between the size of these two parts of an atom, both the electron and proton maintain the same electrical charge.  If the electrical charge of the electron is altered by just one part in 100 billion, the body of every human being on earth would explode. —Barrow and Tipler, 1986, pp. 293, 296)

2. Galaxy Size

If our Milky Way had been larger, the infusion of gases in the stars would disturb our sun’s orbit and ignite deadly galactic eruptions, incinerating the earth. If the Milky Way was smaller, the infusion of gases would be insufficient to allow a star to exist long enough for life to form on a planet, such as earth.

3. Galaxy Type

If the Milky Way was more elliptical, star formation would cease before sufficient heavy elements could form for life chemistry. If our galaxy was more circular, earth’s radiation exposure would be too severe (at times); and life-essential heavy elements would not form.

Scientific Evidence For God: A Fine-Tuned Universe

4. Galaxy Location

If the Milky Way was too close to another dense galaxy cluster, the close proximity of this other galaxy would destroy all life on earth.

5. The Number of Stars in Our Solar System

If we had more than one star in our solar system, tidal interactions would cause the orbits of life-supportable planets to be unsuitable for life. Most other solar systems do have more than one star. The fact that our solar system has just one star makes it atypical and allows for all life that is present on earth to exist.

6. Our Sun’s Age

If our sun was either older or younger, it would be much brighter and make life impossible. There is an ideal age for a star in which its brightness is perfect for life. We just happen to exist during the perfect age of our sun’s existence.

7. The Sun’s Mass

If the sun was larger, it would  burn its fuel much quicker, making life on earth impossible. If the sun was smaller, it would drastically alter earth’s rotation and make life impossible.

8. The Color of Our Sun

Our sun is exceptional in that it produces white light as opposed to the light produced by a red or blue star which would not allow for plant growth or life, as we know it on earth.

9. The Size and Location of Our Moon

The earth has a unusually large moon for the size of our planet, orbiting around it.

a. The moon did not come from the earth itself.
b. It could not have been caused by debris that was captured by the earth’s gravity, because the moon is so large.

The best explanation (other than outright miracle) for the moon’s existence is that a Mars-sized planet crashed into the earth around 4.25 billion years ago. The probability of two planets colliding in the same solar system is extremely remote. The moon is moving away from the earth (currently at 2 inches per year), as it has been moving since its formation. If we calculate the movement of the moon in reverse from its present course, we discover that it must have formed at about 7,300 miles above the earth’s surface. This is indicative of formation by collision from an outside body which struck the earth.

Why the Moon is Important to Life on Earth

Scientists have suggested that perhaps the moon was created by a collision of earth with a Mars-sized planet.[1] This impact resulted in the ejection of the majority of the earth’s original atmosphere which was likely toxic.[2] If this collision had not occurred, our planet would have maintained an atmosphere similar to that of Venus, with a surface temperature of more than 800°F and up to 80 times more dense than the earth’s current atmosphere.[3]  By design, our earth was created with a very thin atmosphere that was necessary to maintain our great oceans, contributing immensely to the existence of life.

Size of the Moon

Scientists believe that the earth originally had a rotational period of eight hours.[4] This greatly increased rotational period would have resulted in surface wind velocities in excess of 500 miles per hour. The fact that the moon was introduced at some point later in the formation of earth, caused the planet to slow to 1,000 miles per hour, resulting in 24-hour days. This allowed for a perfect balance of light and darkness necessary to promote plant growth—essential for life.

10. Hydrogen-Helium Balance

If our solar system had less hydrogen and helium, the molecules essential for planet formation and life chemistry would never have formed. If the solar system had too much hydrogen and helium, planets would have formed at the wrong time and place for life.

11. Gravity is Perfectly Balanced

If the gravitational force of Earth were stronger, our planet’s atmosphere would retain too much ammonia and methane for life. If the Earth’s gravity was weaker, the planet’s  atmosphere would lose too much water to maintain life.

12. Distance from the Sun

If earth was farther from the sun, the temperature would be too cool for a stable water cycle. If Earth were closer to the sun, the planet would be too warm for a stable water cycle.

13. Angle of Orbit

If our orbit around the Sun was longer, the temperature range on the planet’s surface would be too extreme for life.

14. Axial Tilt

If the tilt of Earth’s axis was more than the current 23.5 degrees, surface temperature differences between night and day would be too great to sustain diverse life forms. If our axis tilt was less than 23.5 degrees, the same result.

15. Rotation of 1,000 Miles Per Hour

If Earth rotated at a rate greater than 1,000 miles per hour, the differential temperatures between day and night would be too extreme for life. If earth’s rotation was less than 1,000 miles per hour, surface wind velocity would be too great for life.

16. Earth’s Age

If Earth was a younger planet, the rotational velocity would be too rapid for life. If Earth was older than its present age, our rotational velocity would be too slow for life.

17. Earth’s Magnetic Field is Delicately Balanced

If Earth’s magnetic field was stronger, electromagnetic storms would be too severe.  If it was weaker, our ozone layer would not be sufficient to protect us from harsh solar and stellar radiation.

18. Earth’s Crust

If the crust of the Earth was thicker, it would rob the atmosphere of oxygen needed for life. If Earth’s crust was thinner, excessive volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, would make life impossible.

19. Reflective Light

If Earth reflected more light, we would experience the presence of constant ice ages. If Earth reflected less light from its surface, we would be in a subtropical sauna.

20. Asteroid and Comet Collision Rates

If Earth had experienced a greater number of collisions by asteroids and comet debris in the past, life would not exist today. If Earth had experienced less collisions by celestial bodies in the past, the surface crust of our planet would contain insufficient life-essential elements required for life.

21. Oxygen to Nitrogen Ratio

The atmosphere of Earth consists of two primary gases: nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%). This happens to be the perfect balance required for human respiration. This precise combination also allows our skies to present the beautiful blue color we all enjoy. If Earth had more oxygen, our atmosphere would catch fire and burn everything on the planet. If our atmosphere had less oxygen, no human life would be possible on earth.

22. Carbon Dioxide

If Earth had more carbon dioxide, we would have a runaway greenhouse effect. If we had less carbon dioxide, plants would be unable to grow.

23. Water Vapor Quantity in the Atmosphere

If we had more water vapor present in our atmosphere, the temperature of the planet would be too extreme to permit life. The presence of less water vapor in our atmosphere, would inhibit the production of rain, resulting in massive desert regions all over the planet.

24. Atmospheric Electric Discharge

If Earth had more electric discharge in the atmosphere, our forests would ignite in spontaneous combustion.

25. Ozone Quantity

If Earth contained greater ozone in our atmosphere, the temperatures on our planet would be too low to promote ultraviolet radiation necessary for life. If there was insufficient ozone in our atmosphere, surface temperatures on our planet would cause ultraviolet radiation too intense for life.

26. Earthquakes

If we had earthquakes in greater frequency than we currently experience, most life would be destroyed by the resulting damage to our ecosystem. If the earth experienced a lower occurrence of earthquakes, the nutrients found on our ocean floors that come from river runoff would not be recycled by the continents through tectonics, resulting in insufficient carbon dioxide being released from carbonate buildup.

27. Volcanic Activity

If earth had a decreased number of volcanic eruptions, there would not be enough carbon dioxide and water vapor returned to the atmosphere, resulting in insufficient soil mineralization required for advanced life support. If Earth had a greater number of volcanic eruptions, most advanced life would be destroyed; and the entire ecosystem of earth would be damaged.

28. Oceans-to-Continents Ratio

If the earth had larger oceans, diversity and complexity of lifeforms would be limited. If we had less oceans, no complex life forms could form. If our planet had a lower proportion of land-to-sea ratio, advanced life forms would be impossible. If greater land mass had developed, the resulting changes would be too radical for advanced life to survive.

29. Distribution of Continents

If there were too many continents in the southern hemisphere, sea-salt aerosols would be insufficient to stabilize surface temperature and water cycle, resulting in increased seasonal differences that would limit the available habitats for advanced land life.

30. Gravitational Interaction with the Moon

If the moon had more gravitational pull on the earth, tidal effects on the oceans, atmosphere, and rotational period would destroy all life by massive waves. If the moon had less gravitational pull on the earth, all weather on earth would change so severely, that life could not exist.

31. Jupiter’s Distance from the Earth

If the planet Jupiter was at greater distance from Earth, the beneficial gravitational force which this massive planet exerts in our Solar System would have a significant impact on the number of asteroid and comet collisions which strike the earth. Described as the “vacuum cleaner of the Solar System,” Jupiter’s immense gravity, as well as its precise placement in the Solar System, shields the earth by drawing most larger asteroids and comets that pass through our inner Solar System, into the asteroid belt.[5] Without the specific placement of Jupiter where it is located, it is likely that life on earth would be impossible—as our planet would be repeatedly struck by extinction level asteroids and comets. If Jupiter were any closer to the Earth, its gravitational force would throw off our orbit and kill everyone on the planet.

32. Orbit Around the Sun

If the orbits of the planets in our solar system were longer, Earth’s orbit would be radically changed and life could not exist.

33. The Frequency of Forest and Grass Fires

If Earth had more forest fires, smoke and soot would choke out all life. If we had less forest fires, the forest would accumulate growth inhibitors that would make soil unsuitable for food production.

34. Amount of Sea Salt

If the earth’s seas had greater salt content, this would precipitate greater cloud formation over the oceans, radically disrupting the climate and atmospheric temperature balances. If our seas contained less salt, there would be insufficient clouds formation, resulting in inadequate water cycle, which would significantly disrupt atmospheric temperature balances of the earth.

Stunning Evidence

When we consider the singular or cumulative effects of all these precise requirements that are necessary for life to exist on earth—we are struck with the reality that these life-giving physical constants of nature were designed to make life possible on our planet. It is inconceivable that every necessary element which allows for an environment—perfect for life—came about by accident. These types of precipitous events do not occur by coincidence. Any one of these 34 necessary constants being altered even slightly, would cause the death of all advanced life on earth.

The total probability that all 34 of these factors could occur by chance—which make life possible on earth: 1:10¹⁴⁸

Creation and probability

The mathematical laws of probability demand that any event which has the chance of occurring—beyond 10⁵⁰ is considered statistically impossible.[6] This defines the 34 precise physical constants that are required to make life possible on earth as purposeful, not accidental. The only viable alternative to happenstance is design. The physical constants necessary for the universe, our solar system, and the earth to support human life, became a reality because they were designed this way by an intelligence. Creative attributes come through a designer. The greater the complexity, the greater the designer. The engineering skill that is required in orchestrating a universe capable of supporting life for one planet in a remote area of the universe, is staggering.

Sir Frederick Hoyle calculated the probability that life could have spontaneously evolved from nothing as 10^40,000.[7] According to the laws of probability set forth by Dr. Emile Borel, this would define the origin of life as a supernatural event, not possible by random chance or fortuity.[8]

We should remember that the specific type of universe which developed during the hundred trillion-trillion-trillionth of a second in the initial expansion of the universe, was critically controlled by forces unknown to scientists today.[9] From this point and continuing for almost 14 billion years, the expansion of the universe has been continually ordered in such a way that life would be possible in one specific Galaxy, one Solar System, one planet. At the formation of earth, this design continued in directing the absolute necessary constants of the Solar System and earth, which would allow human life to dwell upon its surface and prosper. These are the magnanimous acts of a Creator, not the mindless and purposeless accidents which Godless scientists assert.

It is clear that an intelligence with unlimited power, designed the universe in this manner, with the clear intention of human life being possible on Earth.

Robert Jastrow, American astronomer, physicist and cosmologist said this:

“Astronomers now find they have painted themselves into a corner because they have proven, by their own methods, that the world began abruptly in an act of creation to which you can trace the seeds of every star, every planet, every living thing in this cosmos and on the earth. And they have found that all this happened as a product of forces they cannot hope to discover. That there are what I or anyone would call supernatural forces at work is now, I think, a scientifically proven fact.”[10]

“On Earth, a long sequence of improbable events transpired in just the right way to bring forth our existence, as if we had won a million-dollar lottery a million times in a row. Contrary to the prevailing belief, maybe we are special…“

NOTES:
[1] Taylor, G. Jeffrey (31 December 1998). “Origin of the Earth and Moon”. Planetary Science Research Discoveries. Web Site: http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/Dec98/OriginEarthMoon.htm
[2] Zahnle, K.; Schaefer, L.; Fegley, B. (2010). “Earth’s Earliest Atmospheres”. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 2 (10): a004895.
[3] Ibid.
[4] Poropudas, Hannu K. J. (1991-12-16). “Using Coral as a Clock”. Skeptic Tank. Web Site: http://www.skepticfiles.org/origins/coralclo.htm
[5] Described as the “vacuum cleaner” Michael Zolensky in an article by: Lovett, Richard A. (December 15, 2006). “Stardust’s Comet Clues Reveal Early Solar System”. National Geographic News. Site: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/12/061215-comet-stardust.html
[6] Emile Borel, Probabilities and Life, Dover 1962, chapters 1-3
[7] Evolution from Space, Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramasinghe,J. M. Dent & Sons, 1981, p. 130
[8] Emile Borel, Probabilities and Life, Dover 1962, chapters 1-3
[9] “The Inflationary Universe: the quest for a new Theory of Cosmic Origins, New York, Perseus Publishing, 1998
[10] “A Scientist Caught Between Two Faiths: Interview With Robert Jastrow,” Christianity Today, August 6, 1982

Categories: Agnostics and Skeptics, Evolution, Origin of the Universe, Physical Constants, Robert Clifton Robinson, Science and the Bible

Tags: Fine tuning of the universe, Physical Constants, Science and God, Science Proves God, The Physics of the Universe